![]() The systemd-run -user command should allow a user to run a program with resource limitations, but that isn't supported on cgroups v1. Unfortunately systemd has a number of limitations that make it difficult to replace this script with systemd invocations. Nowadays that program is usually systemd. ![]() The correct solution would be to use the systemd api's for cgroup management but there are no command line tools for that a.t.m.Įdit (2021): Until now this script still works, but it goes against Linux's recommendation to have a single program manage your cgroups. Do that by setting/adding swapaccount=1 in /etc/default/grub so it looks something like GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="swapaccount=1"ĭisclaimer: I wouldn't be surprised if cgroup-tools also breaks in the future. ![]() To enable swap usage limiting, you need to enable swap accounting on your Linux system. To limit just memory remove the line with _in_bytes.Įdit: On default Linux installations this only limits memory usage, not swap usage. This will limit both memory and swap usage. Name this script limitmem and put it in your $PATH and you can use it like limitmem 100M bash. Update: it now uses the commands from cgroup-tools. I'm using the below script, which works great. This means there actually is a small window where a process could potentially be oversubscribing before timeout notices and kills the process.Ī more correct approach would hence likely involve cgroups, but that is much more involved to set up, even if you'd use Docker or runC, which among things, offer a more user-friendly abstraction around cgroups. The way this tool works is by checking multiple times per second if the spawned process has not oversubscribed its set boundaries. Sudo tee /usr/local/bin/timeout & sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/timeoutĪfter that, you can 'cage' your process by memory consumption as in your question like so: timeout -m 500 pdftoppm Sample.pdfĪlternatively you could use -t and -x to respectively limit the process by time or CPU constraints. The timeout tool requires Perl 5+ and the /proc filesystem mounted. Here's a useful read on the topic: Limiting time and memory consumption of a program in Linux, which lead to the timeout tool, which lets you cage a process (and its forks) by time or memory consumption. Note that on a modern Ubuntu distribution this example requires installing the cgroup-bin package and editing /etc/default/grub to change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1"Īnd then running sudo update-grub and rebooting to boot with the new kernel boot parameters. ![]() To run a process under the control group: cgexec -g memory:myGroup pdftoppm More info about these options can be found here: Will create a control group named myGroup, cap the set of processes run under myGroup up to 500 MB of physical memory with memory.limit_in_bytes and up to 5000 MB of physical and swap memory together with _in_bytes. For example: cgcreate -g memory:myGroupĮcho 500M > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/myGroup/memory.limit_in_bytesĮcho 5G > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/myGroup/_in_bytes This is especially useful if you want to limit a process's (or group of processes') allocation of physical memory distinctly from virtual memory. Another way to limit this is to use Linux's control groups. ![]()
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